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メディア授業とは，メディアを利用して遠隔方式により実施する授業の授業時数が，総授業時数の半数を超える授業をいいます。
メディア授業により取得した単位は，卒業要件として修得すべき単位のうち60単位を超えないものとされています。
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All the living organisms take up biological materials as nutrients and convert them to own biological materials and energy in the cells in order to live, grow and proliferate. The chemical reactions in the cells to produce biological materials and energy is called metabolism. Major biological materials as nutrients are polysaccharides, triacylglycerol, proteins, and nucleic acids. These large molecules are digested and transported into the cells for metabolism. In the cells, these compounds are further decomposed. By using the resulting metabolites and energy, biological materials required for the cells are newly synthesized. The reactions in metabolic pathways are catalyzed by enzymes Deficiencies and disorders in the enzymes cause diseases in human. The enzymes responsible for diseases are targets for drug development. In addition, metabolism is applicable for useful material production such as ethanol, acetic acid and amino acids. In Biological Chemistry II, you will learn basic and intrinsic metabolic pathways in cells and their regulation systems in the view of basic science, industrial applications and human health.
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Students will understand important reactions, products and roles of major metabolic pathways. They also learn regulatory mechanism of the metabolic pathways.
Students will develop ability to consider metabolic pathways in the view of human physiology and disease and material production by microorganisms.
Students will cultivate an attitude to ask questions and give comments actively.
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The classes are mainly giving lectures and often contain exercises.
In addition, preparations before classes are required. If students have questions during preparations, the questions will be submitted through eYUSDL. These questions will be answered in the classes.
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第1回
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What is metabolism?
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Metabolism, catabolism, anabolism and energy.
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第2回
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Glycolysis
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The basic pathway to catabolite sugars and to get ATP.
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第3回
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Glycogen metabolism
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Biosynthesis and consumption of glycogen
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第4回
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Fermentation and citric acid cycle
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Destinations of pyruvate, the product of glycolysis
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第5回
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Electron transport chain
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Electron transfer to make proton gradient across mitochondria inner membrane.
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第6回
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ATP synthesis
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ATP is synthesized by using the energy stores as proton gradient.
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第7回
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Gluconeogenesis and regulation of glycolysis
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Glucose decomposition and synthesis is controlled responding to energy demand.
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第8回
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Photophosphorylation
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Solar energy capture mechanism in plants.
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第9回
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Pentose phosphate pathway
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Another pathway to metabolize glucose to produce NADPH and pentose.
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第10回
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Fatty acid oxidation
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Fatty acid is decomposed to acetyl-CoA in steps of removing two carbon unit.
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第11回
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Fatty acid synthesis
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Fatty acid is synthesized from acetyl-CoA via malonyl-CoA synthesis.
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第12回
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Nitrogen fixation
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Nitrogen is first incorporated into amino acids for biosynthesis.
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第13回
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Catabolism of amino acids
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Amino acid is also used for biosynthesis of sugars, lipids, and energy.
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第14回
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Biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine
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Purine and pyrimidine are synthesized as nucleotides using mainly amino acids as substrates
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第15回
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Examination
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Exam for evaluation
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第16回
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Whole picture of the major metabolic pathways will be reviewed.
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Questions about the metabolic pathways in this class will be answered and discussed.
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※AL（アクティブ・ラーニング）欄に関する注
・授業全体で、AL（アクティブ・ラーニング）が占める時間の割合を、それぞれの項目ごとに示しています。
・A〜Dのアルファベットは、以下の学修形態を指しています。
【A：グループワーク】、【B：ディスカッション・ディベート】、【C：フィールドワーク（実験・実習、演習を含む）】、【D：プレゼンテーション】
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A: --% B: --% C: --% D: --%
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Preparation for class 15%，Exercises in the classes 30％，Examination at the end of the semester 55%
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備考
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You may use a general English textbook for biological chemistry and biochemistry instead of the Japanese text book.
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レーニンジャーの新生化学
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9784567244022
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レーニンジャー, ネルソン, コックス [著] ; 川嵜敏祐, 中山和久編集
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廣川書店
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2006
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ホートン生化学
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9784807906727
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H. Robert Horton [ほか著] ; 榎森康文, 川崎博史, 宗川惇子訳
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東京化学同人
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2008
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Essential細胞生物学
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9784524261994
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Bruce Alberts [ほか] 著 ; 青山聖子 [ほか] 訳
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南江堂
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2016
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備考
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Metabolism seems complicated. However, thinking on one-by-one make you understood.
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Biological chemistry, Life, Glucose, Amino acid, Lipids, Purine, Pyrimidine Glycolysis, Citric acid cycle, Gluconeogenesis, Fermentation, Pentose phosphate pathway, Electron transport chain, Oxidative phosphorylation, beta-oxidation, Fatty acid biosynthesis, Amino acid metabolism, Nitrogen Fixation, Urea cycle, Nucleotide biosynthesis, Biological material production, Human disease
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| (飢餓)飢餓を終わらせ、食料安全保障及び栄養改善を実現し、持続可能な農業を促進する。 |
| (保健)あらゆる年齢のすべての人々の健康的な生活を確保し、福祉を促進する。 |
| (エネルギー)すべての人々の、安価かつ信頼できる持続可能な近代的エネルギーへのアクセスを確保する。 |
| (経済成長と雇用)包摂的かつ持続可能な経済成長及びすべての人々の完全かつ生産的な雇用と働きがいのある人間らしい雇用（ディーセント・ワーク）を促進する。 |
| (持続可能な生産と消費)持続可能な生産消費形態を確保する。 |
| (海洋資源)持続可能な開発のために海洋・海洋資源を保全し、持続可能な形で利用する。 |
| (陸上資源)陸域生態系の保護、回復、持続可能な利用の推進、持続可能な森林の経営、砂漠化への対処、ならびに土地の劣化の阻止・回復及び生物多様性の損失を阻止する。 |
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Biological Chemistry I, Microbiology, Genetic Engineering, Applied Chemistry Experiment IV, Applied Chemistry Exercise IV
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hoshida@yamaguchi-u.ac.jp
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Mainly Tuesday 10:10-12:00 (After a lecture)
You may come to my office any time.
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